Which frequency band is used for tactical and long-range communications by the military?

The frequency band used for tactical and long-range communications by the military is High Frequency (HF). HF frequencies range from 3 MHz to 30 MHz and offer the capability for long-distance communication by utilizing the ionosphere for reflection. This allows military units to maintain communications over vast distances, essential for operations in remote areas or across oceans where line-of-sight communication is not feasible.

HF is valued for its ability to support various modes of communication, including voice, data, and video, making it versatile for different military applications. It is particularly advantageous for tactical communications when deployed in areas without access to satellite or ground-based communication infrastructures.

The other frequency bands, such as VHF and UHF, are more suited for shorter-range communications due to their more limited propagation characteristics. VHF is typically used for ground and air communications within line-of-sight, while UHF is often used for tactical operations but has a shorter reach compared to HF. SHF frequencies are generally used for satellite communications and high-data-rate applications, which are important but not the primary choice for the type of long-range, tactical communications described.